With the improvement of living standards, people’s requirements for the level of living have also been greatly improved, so it is necessary to focus on improving the quality of construction. The use of concrete can improve the quality of construction to a certain extent, it concrete engineering construction is a more technical work, so his construction must be carried out by professional and technical personnel, thus ensuring the quality of construction projects.
With the introduction of new technologies and materials, improved construction techniques and improved construction equipment, thus improving the efficiency of the construction of architectural concrete, it can be combined with the reinforcement very firmly, forming a particularly strong, compressive, earthquake-resistant reinforced concrete structure, is an integral part of the project, there is also, with the continuous improvement of technology, the quality of concrete is also constantly improving, the use of its scope is also Gradually expanding, in the construction project has a pivotal role.
1 The application of architectural concrete construction technology
In our daily life, we often see cracks in buildings and walls falling off, this is due to the construction process of architectural concrete is affected by human, temperature, technology and other factors, so in the construction process, the operator must make a comprehensive consideration and analysis for better construction.
The structure of concrete has to control its different crack widths due to different climatic conditions and weather conditions, and our country mainly adopts technical means of innovative construction process and strengthening supervision to prevent and control the problem of cracks in buildings.
To ensure the overall quality of the project and to avoid cracks and falling off, the supervision and management of the construction personnel should be strengthened, and the material of concrete should be used in a reasonable and scientific way.
If the cracks appear in the building after the construction, we will not be able to make up for them, which will cause the deviation between the ideal construction effect and the real building, thus affecting the quality of the building.
2 Formwork construction in building concrete engineering
The first step in building concrete construction is to prepare the formwork, which is of two types – steel and wooden. Regardless of which of the two types of formwork is used for construction, the formwork must be cleaned before construction to ensure that the surface of the formwork is clean and free of cracks.
In the construction project, if the wooden formwork is chosen, it should be wetted before use, and then carry out the later links to ensure that the construction is carried out smoothly, and there is a comprehensive inspection of the wooden formwork to see if it is complete, there is no defect, if there is a crack phenomenon, mortar and linoleum can be used to seal it, so that the formwork is complete, the texture is tight and strong.
Once the steel formwork is chosen, it should be used to paint the surface with release agent before use, and ensure that the painting technique is skillful, evenly and completely paint the formwork well, resolutely avoid the place of leakage, and ensure that the formwork is intact and clean.
The choice of the board has a certain impact on the quality of construction, the required template should be meticulously observed to avoid abnormalities, only good security template can play a supporting role, once the position deviation, to be adjusted in a timely manner to ensure the quality of the project, in the removal of the template, to fully grasp the concept of time, not too early and not too late, must be able to reach a certain bearing capacity Only after the formwork can be removed, otherwise problems will occur.
Many factors in the construction process of concrete projects cause the surface of the building is prone to pockmarked conditions: the surface of the formwork is rough, not enough cleaning; sometimes there is concrete sticking to the formwork when it is removed; the formwork is not checked before use, there are often gaps. Only in the construction of the causes of the above problems to effectively grasp, and strive to weaken the problem, so that the quality problems do not appear in the subsequent construction.
3 The main points of pouring and maintenance technology in the construction concrete project
3.1 Concrete pouring points
3.1.1 Points before pouring.
First, the debris such as soil, garbage and oil within the formwork should be removed to ensure the cleanliness of the formwork.
Secondly, the concrete should be mixed. Before mixing, the amount of various materials can be determined according to a certain ratio according to the requirements of concrete, and the moisture content of the materials should be repeatedly tested and the amount of water used should be adjusted in time. Then, the material should be loaded with stones first, then with cement, and finally with sand.
Finally, in order to ensure the quality of concrete, the concrete should be fully mixed, and when the concrete is transported, the concrete pump truck should not stop but work continuously, and if segregation will occur, the residual concrete should be flushed.
3.1.2 Concrete pouring technical points Before concrete pouring, the following aspects need to be carefully checked to fill in the concealed works record sheet with the inspection results.
First, checking the elevation, location, size, strength and stiffness of the formwork.
Second, the location, quantity and protective layer thickness of the reinforcement and pre-buried parts; in addition, before the concrete is placed, the debris and oil of the reinforcement should be removed from the formwork, silt and debris should be removed, the gaps and holes of the formwork should be blocked, and the wooden formwork should be moistened with clean water, but there should be no water accumulation. At the same time, when the concrete is poured, it should be poured in layers from low to high, and the thickness of each layer should be determined according to the reinforcement of the structure and the pounding method.
Before pouring the vertical structure concrete, the bottom should be filled with cement mortar with the same composition as the mortar in the concrete; no segregation should occur in the concrete pouring; if the pouring height exceeds 3m, the concrete should be made to fall by using a chute or vibrating chute and a string of simple. In the process of concrete pouring, the condition of formwork, reinforcement, bracket, pre-built parts and reserved holes should be observed repeatedly, and if deformation and displacement are found, measures should be taken in time to deal with them.
3.2 Concrete maintenance technology
In order to make the construction quality of concrete to be effectively guaranteed, so that the project to play the maximum economic benefits, to carry out relevant maintenance of concrete. A common problem in building construction is about the maintenance of roof panels, usually the roof panels are larger and higher in height, due to rapid evaporation is easy to produce moisture loss is also fast, but also increases the water loss in the early stage of concrete pouring.
To solve this kind of problem should be flattened its surface, and sprinkle the right amount of water to keep it in a wet state, and then covered with a film on top, use some insulation materials to its maintenance. Insulation is the most important step in the maintenance of concrete, which can effectively ensure that the surface temperature of the concrete is affected by a series of changes in environmental factors. Pay attention to the temperature difference between the various levels during the curing period, and keep the temperature difference strictly below twenty degrees.
Scientific and reasonable concrete maintenance program before the construction of mass concrete is an essential prerequisite for preparation, the development of a program to meet the design requirements will achieve twice the result with half the effort. After the demoulding of the concrete encountered a sudden change in weather conditions, it should be insulated or insulated at the first time to prevent the concrete from generating excessive temperature stress due to the temperature difference.
Conclusion
The discussion of architectural concrete construction and maintenance techniques has given us a further understanding of architectural concrete and its significant impact on our living environment.
The construction of architectural concrete is a technical discipline, and its quality is related to the overall quality of the building. Before construction, we must choose high-quality concrete to ensure that the construction process is carried out perfectly, and after construction, we must also carry out timely maintenance of the building to improve the service life of the building. In order to fully ensure the quality of the project, we should focus on improving the construction technology and techniques of concrete.